We use must + verb 1st form to give a strong piece of advice.eg) We must offer Namaz five times a day.
eg) You mustn’t speak up here.
eg) Must I take your permission?
eg)Students mustn’t cheat during test.
eg) You must practise at home.
eg) You mustn’t skip Namaz.
eg) Must we wash hands before eating?
eg) Mustn’t we perform wudu before touching the Holy Quran?
Note: Besides variation no: 1, we make negatives of must with can’t and questions with can.
1a) We use must + verb 1st form to say that something certainly happens.
eg) His father is education minister. Can he study?
eg) You are busy whole day. When can you study?
eg) This man doesn’t have hands. How can he eat food?
eg) He is uneducated. What can he do sitting with you people?
eg) He is Dubai. He must earn a lot of money.
eg) He is very strict teacher. He must scold his students a lot.
eg) He stays awake the whole night. When can he sleep?
eg) She remains ill. She can’t take care of her health.
1b) We use must + have + verb 3rd form of verb to say that something (has) certainly happened.
eg) Ali has stomach ache. He must have eaten out.
eg) Electricity wasn’t there throughout the night. He can’t have completed his work.
eg) Yesterday was Sunday. He must have washed his clothes.
eg) Her eyes are getting red. She must have slept late last night.
eg) Nobody was in Ali’s home in the morning. They must have gone for outing.
eg) John came earlier in the party. He must have met all the guests.
eg) I lost my purse yesterday. I must have forgotten it somewhere.
eg) Your sister was annoyed with you. You must have said something to her.
eg) His father is education minister. Can he study?
eg) You are busy whole day. When can you study?
eg) This man doesn’t have hands. How can he eat food?
eg) He is uneducated. What can he do sitting with you people?
eg) He is Dubai. He must earn a lot of money.
eg) He is very strict teacher. He must scold his students a lot.
eg) He stays awake the whole night. When can he sleep?
eg) She remains ill. She can’t take care of her health.
1b) We use must + have + verb 3rd form of verb to say that something (has) certainly happened.
eg) Ali has stomach ache. He must have eaten out.
eg) Electricity wasn’t there throughout the night. He can’t have completed his work.
eg) Yesterday was Sunday. He must have washed his clothes.
eg) Her eyes are getting red. She must have slept late last night.
eg) Nobody was in Ali’s home in the morning. They must have gone for outing.
eg) John came earlier in the party. He must have met all the guests.
eg) I lost my purse yesterday. I must have forgotten it somewhere.
eg) Your sister was annoyed with you. You must have said something to her.
2a) We use must + be + verb 1st form + ing to say that something is certainly happening now.
eg) It’s 4. Children must be waiting.
eg) Asif is with her elder brother. He can’t be getting scared.
eg) The AC is working. Why can kids be sweating?
eg) I have just given the children toys. Why can they be crying?
eg) You must be thinking wrong.
eg) What can they be doing at this time?
eg) How can people be surviving in such cold weather with no warm clothes?
eg) It’s 4. Children must be waiting.
eg) Asif is with her elder brother. He can’t be getting scared.
eg) The AC is working. Why can kids be sweating?
eg) I have just given the children toys. Why can they be crying?
eg) You must be thinking wrong.
eg) What can they be doing at this time?
eg) How can people be surviving in such cold weather with no warm clothes?
2b) We use must + have + been + verb 1st form + ing to say that something was certainly happening.eg) Neighbours must have been making noise that’s why I couldn’t sleep.
eg) Children can’t have been studying that’s why you got cross(=annoyed)
eg) Principal was in class. Can kids have been making nosie?
eg) Policemen were stopping every vehicle. They must have been searching for the drugs.
eg) Lecture was way too hard. Students can’t have been getting it.
eg) Lights were on. Can they have been staying up at that time?
eg) Mr. John was absent. Who can have been conducting the workshop?
4a) We use must + be + extra words for the possible states in the present.
eg) It’s January. It must be very cold there.
eg) You don’t resemble each other. You can’t be brothers.
eg) If A is bigger than B and B is bigger than C. Then A must be the biggest one.
eg) She has lost her job. She must be very worried.
eg) He has failed. Can’t he be embarrassed?
eg) You have got a job in dream company. You must be over-joyed.
eg) Curry had been on the dining table for five hours. It must be stale now.
eg) You have come home late again. Your father must be very angry at you.
eg) It’s January. It must be very cold there.
eg) You don’t resemble each other. You can’t be brothers.
eg) If A is bigger than B and B is bigger than C. Then A must be the biggest one.
eg) She has lost her job. She must be very worried.
eg) He has failed. Can’t he be embarrassed?
eg) You have got a job in dream company. You must be over-joyed.
eg) Curry had been on the dining table for five hours. It must be stale now.
eg) You have come home late again. Your father must be very angry at you.
4b) We use must + have + been + extra words for the possible states in the past.
eg) Teacher didn’t let her enter the class. She must have been late.
eg) A guy fell down from the top floor. He can’t have been alive.
eg) He didn’t resist. He must have been compelled.
eg) She didn’t buy the wrist watch. It must have been out of her range.
eg) They postponed going for picnic. There must have been some problem.
eg) He came to see us on his bike. His car must have been broken down.
eg) She didn’t pick the phone last night. She must have been asleep.
5a) We use must + have + extra words for the possible states in the past.
eg) John is also going with us to Shopping Mall. He must have money.
eg) The box is too heavy. What can it have?
eg) The speed of the computer is too slow. It must have virus.
eg) He is an intelligent boy. He can’t have cribs.
eg) She is here to buy a new car. Can’t she have enough money.
eg) Last night I gave him a pill. He can’t have fever now.
5b) We use must + have + had + extra words for the possible states in the past.
eg) He didn’t take even a bite. He can’t have had stomach for it.
eg) He reached office in no time. He must have had a car.
eg) We couldn’t understand what he was saying. He must have had something in his mouth.
eg) He was finding it difficult to read. He can’t have had his glasses with him.
eg) People were comfortable in the hall in such hot weather. It must have had centrally AC system.
eg) You must have had a strong reason to be absent.
eg) Teacher didn’t let her enter the class. She must have been late.
eg) A guy fell down from the top floor. He can’t have been alive.
eg) He didn’t resist. He must have been compelled.
eg) She didn’t buy the wrist watch. It must have been out of her range.
eg) They postponed going for picnic. There must have been some problem.
eg) He came to see us on his bike. His car must have been broken down.
eg) She didn’t pick the phone last night. She must have been asleep.
5a) We use must + have + extra words for the possible states in the past.
eg) John is also going with us to Shopping Mall. He must have money.
eg) The box is too heavy. What can it have?
eg) The speed of the computer is too slow. It must have virus.
eg) He is an intelligent boy. He can’t have cribs.
eg) She is here to buy a new car. Can’t she have enough money.
eg) Last night I gave him a pill. He can’t have fever now.
5b) We use must + have + had + extra words for the possible states in the past.
eg) He didn’t take even a bite. He can’t have had stomach for it.
eg) He reached office in no time. He must have had a car.
eg) We couldn’t understand what he was saying. He must have had something in his mouth.
eg) He was finding it difficult to read. He can’t have had his glasses with him.
eg) People were comfortable in the hall in such hot weather. It must have had centrally AC system.
eg) You must have had a strong reason to be absent.
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