When people or things do something we use active voice but when something happens to them we use passive voice or when the action of the verb is more important than its doer, we use passive voice.
.When do we use passive voice?
In some sentences, passive voice can be perfectly acceptable. You might use it in the following cases:
1. The
actor is unknown:
The cave paintings of Lascaux were made in the Upper Old Stone Age. [We don't know who made them.]
The cave paintings of Lascaux were made in the Upper Old Stone Age. [We don't know who made them.]
2. The
actor is irrelevant:
An experimental solar power plant will be built in the Australian desert. [We are not interested in who is building it.]
An experimental solar power plant will be built in the Australian desert. [We are not interested in who is building it.]
3. You
want to be vague about who is responsible:
Mistakes were made. [Common in bureaucratic writing!]
Mistakes were made. [Common in bureaucratic writing!]
4. You
are talking about a general truth:
Rules are made to be broken. [By whomever, whenever.]
Rules are made to be broken. [By whomever, whenever.]
5. You
want to emphasize the person or thing acted on. For example, it may be your
main topic:
Insulin
was first discovered in 1921 by researchers at the University of Toronto. It is
still the only treatment available for diabetes.
6. You
are writing in a scientific genre that traditionally relies on passive voice.
Passive voice is often preferred in lab reports and scientific research papers,
most notably in the Materials and Methods section:
The
sodium hydroxide was dissolved in water. This solution was then titrated with
hydrochloric acid.
Things to remember when making passives
We can’t make passive when a sentence has a state verb.
We can’t make passive when there isn’t object in the sentence.
We can’t make passive when a sentence has intransitive verb.
We can’t make passives when a sentence has verbs like go, come and happen
1. Object + is/am/are + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Chairs are dusted properly.
eg) Is floor swept and then mopped?
eg) Clothes are washed and then put on the washing line.
eg) Clothes are pressed and then folded.
eg) House isn’t whitewashed every year.
eg) Is tea made thrice a day?
eg) Children are given money every day.
eg) Everybody is given a chance one by one.
eg) Books are bound for their safety.
eg) Health is not taken care of.
PASSIVES OF IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Various ideas like commands/orders/requests may be expressed in Passive Voice.
Form: You are commands/orders/requests/suggestions/advice + to +verb …
eg) Cut the wire. ►You are ordered to cut the wire.
eg) Wash the clothes. ► You are ordered to wash the clothes.
eg) Don’t come late. ►You are ordered not to come late.
eg) Please, don’t get me wrong. ►You are requested not to get me wrong.
eg) Take care of your health. ►You are advised to take care of your health.
eg) Don’t stick bills on the wall. ►You are ordered not to stick bills on the wall.
eg) Apply for leave. ►You are advised to apply for leave.
eg) Please, blow out the candle. ►You are requested to blow out the candle.
eg) Wake up early in the morning. ►You are advised to wake up early in the morning.
eg) Give charity on every Thursday. ►You are advised to give charity on every Thursday.
eg) Don’t go in deep water. ► You are ordered not to go in the deep water.
eg) Respect your elders. ►You are advised to respect your elders.
We can’t make passive when a sentence has a state verb.
We can’t make passive when there isn’t object in the sentence.
We can’t make passive when a sentence has intransitive verb.
We can’t make passives when a sentence has verbs like go, come and happen
1. Object + is/am/are + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Chairs are dusted properly.
eg) Is floor swept and then mopped?
eg) Clothes are washed and then put on the washing line.
eg) Clothes are pressed and then folded.
eg) House isn’t whitewashed every year.
eg) Is tea made thrice a day?
eg) Children are given money every day.
eg) Everybody is given a chance one by one.
eg) Books are bound for their safety.
eg) Health is not taken care of.
PASSIVES OF IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
Various ideas like commands/orders/requests may be expressed in Passive Voice.
Form: You are commands/orders/requests/suggestions/advice + to +verb …
eg) Cut the wire. ►You are ordered to cut the wire.
eg) Wash the clothes. ► You are ordered to wash the clothes.
eg) Don’t come late. ►You are ordered not to come late.
eg) Please, don’t get me wrong. ►You are requested not to get me wrong.
eg) Take care of your health. ►You are advised to take care of your health.
eg) Don’t stick bills on the wall. ►You are ordered not to stick bills on the wall.
eg) Apply for leave. ►You are advised to apply for leave.
eg) Please, blow out the candle. ►You are requested to blow out the candle.
eg) Wake up early in the morning. ►You are advised to wake up early in the morning.
eg) Give charity on every Thursday. ►You are advised to give charity on every Thursday.
eg) Don’t go in deep water. ► You are ordered not to go in the deep water.
eg) Respect your elders. ►You are advised to respect your elders.
PASSIVE
VOICE WITH “LET”:
Imperative sentences can be made into Passive Voice by using “Let”.
Form: Let + Object + be + verb 3rd form …
eg) Follow the rules. ►Let the rules be followed.
eg) Shut the door. ► Let the door be shut.
eg) Make tea for us. ► Let the tea be made for us.
eg) Keep your voice down. ► Let your voice be kept down.
eg) Punish the students. ► Let the students be punished.
eg) Revise the lesson. ► Let the lesson be revised.
Direct and Indirect objects
Imperative sentences can be made into Passive Voice by using “Let”.
Form: Let + Object + be + verb 3rd form …
eg) Follow the rules. ►Let the rules be followed.
eg) Shut the door. ► Let the door be shut.
eg) Make tea for us. ► Let the tea be made for us.
eg) Keep your voice down. ► Let your voice be kept down.
eg) Punish the students. ► Let the students be punished.
eg) Revise the lesson. ► Let the lesson be revised.
Direct and Indirect objects
A
direct object refers to the person
or thing affected by the action of
the verb. It comes immediately after a transitive verb.
An indirect object usually refers to the
person who “benefit” from the action
expressed in the verb. Someone you give something to, or buy something for. It
comes immediately after the verb.
eg) She gave me some flowers.
eg) She gave some flowers to me.
To or for?
We give something to someone, and we buy/do something for someone.
We can use to with these verbs: bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write.
Examples:
eg) She gave me some flowers.
eg) She gave some flowers to me.
To or for?
We give something to someone, and we buy/do something for someone.
We can use to with these verbs: bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write.
Examples:
My father brings me gifts.
____________________________________
I am feeding porridge to the baby.
____________________________________
I have given you a chance.
____________________________________
Could you hand me the towel?
____________________________________
She lent me her car.
____________________________________
I can offer you a good job.
____________________________________
She still owes me £3 000.
____________________________________
Pass me the salt, please.
____________________________________
I paid a hefty amount to him.
____________________________________
Is it OK if I post the cheque to you next
week?
____________________________________
I promised my students a picnic.
____________________________________
The teacher is reading children a story.
____________________________________
I sold an old car to him.
____________________________________
I’ll send you a text message.
____________________________________
She has shown some pictures to me.
____________________________________
Shall I take my host family a gift?
Shall I take my host family a gift?
____________________________________
I’ll teach a good lesson to them.
____________________________________
I’m throwing you a ball.
____________________________________
I write you a letter.
____________________________________
We can use for with these verbs: book, bring, build, buy, choose, cook, fetch,
find, get, leave, make, order, pick, reserve, save.
Examples:
I’ve booked you a seat.
____________________________________
She has brought a cake for us.
____________________________________
They are building us a house.
____________________________________
She buys us fruits.
____________________________________
I chose a pen for you.
____________________________________
My mother will cook us Chinese rice.
____________________________________
Fetch me some water to drink.
____________________________________
I’ll find you a good job.
____________________________________
Please get me something to drink.
____________________________________
Leave me some pizza.
____________________________________
She is making me coffee.
____________________________________
I ordered you fried fish.
I ordered you fried fish.
____________________________________
Pick me a number.
____________________________________
I have reserved you a table.
____________________________________
My father is saving me money.
____________________________________
2. Object
+ is/am/are + being + verb3rd
from + ( by + subject)
eg) Children are being taken to the zoo.
eg) One-day cricket match is being played between Pakistan and Australia.
eg) Streets are being decorated with buntings.
eg) Rose petals are being showered on the guests.
eg) Flowers are being plucked.
eg) Kids are being punished for their misbehaviour.
eg) Announcement is being made for the missing child.
eg) Money is being collected for the flood victims.
eg) The house is being renovated.
eg) Garden is being looked after very carefully.
3. Object + have/has + been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Books have been placed in the shelves.
eg) You have been informed.
eg) Songs have been recorded.
eg) Prisoners have been released/ freed.
eg) Photographs haven’t been developed.
eg) Permission hasn’t been given to the students.
eg) Eyes have been tested.
eg) FIR has been registered/lodged.
eg) Dinner has been served to the guests.
4. Object + was/were + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) I wasn’t informed.
eg) Books were bought a week ago.
eg) Prime minister was banished from the country.
eg) A survey was carried out/conducted.
eg) An emergency operation was performed.
eg) Signature was put in a haste.
eg) A car was rented for a week.
eg) He was kidnapped long ago.
eg) Was I criticized severely?
5. Object + was/were + being + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Pictures were being taken.
eg) Cribs were being used in the examination Hall.
eg) Sweets were being distributed.
eg) Thieves were being burned alive.
eg) Bodies were being buried.
eg) The thieves were being arrested.
eg) An announcement was being made.
eg) This road wasn’t being used.
eg) A story was being told when I entered the room.
6. Object + had been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) A terrible mistake had been made by the boss.
eg) The room hadn’t been cleaned when we reached.
eg) Had the question papers been distributed when we came in?
eg) When the guests arrived, dinner had been already cooked.
eg) The investigation had been started before we got back.
eg) The robbers had been burnt alive before the police reached the crime scene.
eg) More than hundred snaps had been taken before the guests arrived.
eg) Hadn’t the students been searched before the paper started?
7. Object + will be + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) You won’t be left alone at home.
eg) Why will I be suspended?
eg) How many applicants will be appointed in this department?
eg) Everybody’s license will be confiscated.
eg) The students will be punished.
eg) These criminals will be given capital punishment.
eg) Special arrangements will be made in your honour.
eg) The floor will be swept then mopped.
eg) This book will be published soon.
8. Object + will have been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Prompt will have been taken to track down the culprits.
eg) Invitation cards will have been sent to all the relatives by this evening.
eg) Dinner will have been served to the guests by 11:00.
eg) Curfew will have been lifted by tomorrow.
eg) Why will the meeting have been called off till Friday?
eg) The injured passengers will have been given the first aid shortly.
eg) The fight will have been started by 5:00.
eg) Will the problem have been solved by tomorrow?
eg) A new album will have been recorded till next month.
Get
We can use get instead of be in the passive.
eg) There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt)
eg) I don’t often get invited to parties. (= I’m not often invited)
eg) I’m surprised she didn’t get offered the job. (= She wasn’t offered the job)
We can use get only when things happen accidentally or unexpectedly. For example, you can’t use get in the following sentences:
eg) She is liked by every body. ( not gets liked- this is not a happening)
eg) He was a mystery man. Very little was known about him. ( not got known)
Passives: verbs with prepositions
The objects of prepositional verbs can become subjects in passive structures.
We have looked at the plan carefully. → The plan has been carefully looked at.
Nobody listens to her. → she is never listened to.
Somebody has paid for your meal. . → Your meal has been paid for.
Note the word order. The preposition cannot be dropped.
I don’t like to be shouted at. ( NOTI
don’t like to be shouted)
PASSIVES IN MODALS
1. Object + modal (can, could, may, might, should, would, must) + be + Past participle + (by + subject)
eg) He can’t be defeated.
eg) Can she be forced to live alone?
eg) How can they be silenced?
eg) They could be terminated from their jobs.
eg) Arrangement couldn’t be made on such a short notice.
eg) I may be accused of leaking the news to the media.
eg) She mayn’t be given one more chance.
eg) Am I likely to be left alone here?
eg) Is she likely to be gunned down?
eg) Are we likely to be allowed to wait here?
eg) You mightn’t be suspended.
eg) Alice might be gifted.
eg) You shouldn’t be given a chance to give speech.
eg) Should children be ignored?
eg) How much money should be spent?
eg) How many boys should be expelled from the team?
eg) How far should pain be borne?
eg) What kind of music shouldn’t be listened to while driving?
eg) How often should children be taken to dine out?
eg) How long should it be kept in oven?
eg) What colour should be chosen?
eg) He would be threatened in school days.
eg) When your father was alive, you would be scolded every day.
eg) She must be given balanced diet.
eg) His parents are poor. He can’t be taken out to dine.
eg) He work as a bell-boy in a local hotel. Can’t he be tipped heavily?
eg) Her father has many cars. Why can’t she be given any of them to drive?
2. Object + modal (can, could, may, might, should, would, must) + have + been + Past participle + (by + subject)
eg) She could have been seen.
eg) Could guests have been waited for another hour?
eg) What could have been said to save his face?
eg) The meeting could have been delayed?
eg) He may have been given a chance to rectify his mistakes.
eg) Decision mayn’t have been taken.
eg) Who can have been held responsible?
eg) Fee can’t have been paid.
eg) Can they have been criticized?
eg) Children can’t have been punished.
eg) Can’t every body have been given a chance?
eg) Injustice can’t have been done to them.
eg) Car might have been parked away from home.
eg) They might have been forgiven.
eg) We mightn’t have been ignored.
eg) Kids shouldn’t have been taken to the cinema.
eg) He should have been sent to England for higher studies.
eg) Should he have been arrested in front of his family?
eg) He would have been sentenced life imprisonment.
eg) We reached on time or else/otherwise flight would have been missed.
eg) A witness was brought before the judge in the nick of time or else she would have convicted of fraud.
eg) The child noticed suddenly otherwise he would have been knocked down by the biker.
eg) He must have been compelled.
eg) He can’t have been forced to stay any longer.
eg) She must been scolded on reaching late.
eg) The problem must have been solved soon after the arrival of the team.
eg) Children are being taken to the zoo.
eg) One-day cricket match is being played between Pakistan and Australia.
eg) Streets are being decorated with buntings.
eg) Rose petals are being showered on the guests.
eg) Flowers are being plucked.
eg) Kids are being punished for their misbehaviour.
eg) Announcement is being made for the missing child.
eg) Money is being collected for the flood victims.
eg) The house is being renovated.
eg) Garden is being looked after very carefully.
3. Object + have/has + been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Books have been placed in the shelves.
eg) You have been informed.
eg) Songs have been recorded.
eg) Prisoners have been released/ freed.
eg) Photographs haven’t been developed.
eg) Permission hasn’t been given to the students.
eg) Eyes have been tested.
eg) FIR has been registered/lodged.
eg) Dinner has been served to the guests.
4. Object + was/were + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) I wasn’t informed.
eg) Books were bought a week ago.
eg) Prime minister was banished from the country.
eg) A survey was carried out/conducted.
eg) An emergency operation was performed.
eg) Signature was put in a haste.
eg) A car was rented for a week.
eg) He was kidnapped long ago.
eg) Was I criticized severely?
5. Object + was/were + being + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Pictures were being taken.
eg) Cribs were being used in the examination Hall.
eg) Sweets were being distributed.
eg) Thieves were being burned alive.
eg) Bodies were being buried.
eg) The thieves were being arrested.
eg) An announcement was being made.
eg) This road wasn’t being used.
eg) A story was being told when I entered the room.
6. Object + had been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) A terrible mistake had been made by the boss.
eg) The room hadn’t been cleaned when we reached.
eg) Had the question papers been distributed when we came in?
eg) When the guests arrived, dinner had been already cooked.
eg) The investigation had been started before we got back.
eg) The robbers had been burnt alive before the police reached the crime scene.
eg) More than hundred snaps had been taken before the guests arrived.
eg) Hadn’t the students been searched before the paper started?
7. Object + will be + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) You won’t be left alone at home.
eg) Why will I be suspended?
eg) How many applicants will be appointed in this department?
eg) Everybody’s license will be confiscated.
eg) The students will be punished.
eg) These criminals will be given capital punishment.
eg) Special arrangements will be made in your honour.
eg) The floor will be swept then mopped.
eg) This book will be published soon.
8. Object + will have been + verb3rd from + ( by + subject)
eg) Prompt will have been taken to track down the culprits.
eg) Invitation cards will have been sent to all the relatives by this evening.
eg) Dinner will have been served to the guests by 11:00.
eg) Curfew will have been lifted by tomorrow.
eg) Why will the meeting have been called off till Friday?
eg) The injured passengers will have been given the first aid shortly.
eg) The fight will have been started by 5:00.
eg) Will the problem have been solved by tomorrow?
eg) A new album will have been recorded till next month.
Get
We can use get instead of be in the passive.
eg) There was a fight at the party, but nobody got hurt. (= nobody was hurt)
eg) I don’t often get invited to parties. (= I’m not often invited)
eg) I’m surprised she didn’t get offered the job. (= She wasn’t offered the job)
We can use get only when things happen accidentally or unexpectedly. For example, you can’t use get in the following sentences:
eg) She is liked by every body. ( not gets liked- this is not a happening)
eg) He was a mystery man. Very little was known about him. ( not got known)
Passives: verbs with prepositions
The objects of prepositional verbs can become subjects in passive structures.
We have looked at the plan carefully. → The plan has been carefully looked at.
Nobody listens to her. → she is never listened to.
Somebody has paid for your meal. . → Your meal has been paid for.
Note the word order. The preposition cannot be dropped.
I don’t like to be shouted at. ( NOT
PASSIVES IN MODALS
1. Object + modal (can, could, may, might, should, would, must) + be + Past participle + (by + subject)
eg) He can’t be defeated.
eg) Can she be forced to live alone?
eg) How can they be silenced?
eg) They could be terminated from their jobs.
eg) Arrangement couldn’t be made on such a short notice.
eg) I may be accused of leaking the news to the media.
eg) She mayn’t be given one more chance.
eg) Am I likely to be left alone here?
eg) Is she likely to be gunned down?
eg) Are we likely to be allowed to wait here?
eg) You mightn’t be suspended.
eg) Alice might be gifted.
eg) You shouldn’t be given a chance to give speech.
eg) Should children be ignored?
eg) How much money should be spent?
eg) How many boys should be expelled from the team?
eg) How far should pain be borne?
eg) What kind of music shouldn’t be listened to while driving?
eg) How often should children be taken to dine out?
eg) How long should it be kept in oven?
eg) What colour should be chosen?
eg) He would be threatened in school days.
eg) When your father was alive, you would be scolded every day.
eg) She must be given balanced diet.
eg) His parents are poor. He can’t be taken out to dine.
eg) He work as a bell-boy in a local hotel. Can’t he be tipped heavily?
eg) Her father has many cars. Why can’t she be given any of them to drive?
2. Object + modal (can, could, may, might, should, would, must) + have + been + Past participle + (by + subject)
eg) She could have been seen.
eg) Could guests have been waited for another hour?
eg) What could have been said to save his face?
eg) The meeting could have been delayed?
eg) He may have been given a chance to rectify his mistakes.
eg) Decision mayn’t have been taken.
eg) Who can have been held responsible?
eg) Fee can’t have been paid.
eg) Can they have been criticized?
eg) Children can’t have been punished.
eg) Can’t every body have been given a chance?
eg) Injustice can’t have been done to them.
eg) Car might have been parked away from home.
eg) They might have been forgiven.
eg) We mightn’t have been ignored.
eg) Kids shouldn’t have been taken to the cinema.
eg) He should have been sent to England for higher studies.
eg) Should he have been arrested in front of his family?
eg) He would have been sentenced life imprisonment.
eg) We reached on time or else/otherwise flight would have been missed.
eg) A witness was brought before the judge in the nick of time or else she would have convicted of fraud.
eg) The child noticed suddenly otherwise he would have been knocked down by the biker.
eg) He must have been compelled.
eg) He can’t have been forced to stay any longer.
eg) She must been scolded on reaching late.
eg) The problem must have been solved soon after the arrival of the team.
INFINITIVE COMBINATIONAS
1. Verbs of liking / loving /wanting / wishing etc. + object + infinitive form their passive with the passive infinitive.
Active: He wants someone to take photograph.
Passive: He wants photographs to be taken.
2. With verbs of command / request /advice / invitation + indirect object + infinitive we form the passive by using the
passive form of the main verb:
Active: He invited me to go.
Passive: I was invited to go.
3. But with advise / beg / order / recommend / urge (=advise or try hard to persuade) + infinitive + object we can form
the passive in two ways: by making the main verb passive, as above, or by advise etc + that … should + passive
infinitive.
Active: He urged the Council to reduce the rates.
Passive: The Council was/were urged to reduce the rates or
He urged that the rates should be reduced.
4. Agree / be anxious / arrange / be determined / determine / decide / demand + infinitive + object are usually
expressed in the passive by that … should, as above:
Active: He decided to sell the house.
Passive: He decided that the house should be sold.
GERUND COMBINATIONAS
1. Advise / insist / propose / recommend / suggest + gerund + object are usually expressed in the passive by that …
should, as above.
Active: He recommended using bullet-proof glass.
Passive: He recommended that bullet-proof glass should be used.
2. It / they need + gerund can also be expressed by it /they + need + passive infinitive. Both forms are passive in
meaning. Other gerund combinations are expressed in the passive by the passive gerund:
Active: I remember them taking me to the Zoo.
Passive: I remember being taken to the Zoo.
IT-PATTERN
People say → It is said
People think → It is thought
People believe → It is believed
1. Verbs of liking / loving /wanting / wishing etc. + object + infinitive form their passive with the passive infinitive.
Active: He wants someone to take photograph.
Passive: He wants photographs to be taken.
2. With verbs of command / request /advice / invitation + indirect object + infinitive we form the passive by using the
passive form of the main verb:
Active: He invited me to go.
Passive: I was invited to go.
3. But with advise / beg / order / recommend / urge (=advise or try hard to persuade) + infinitive + object we can form
the passive in two ways: by making the main verb passive, as above, or by advise etc + that … should + passive
infinitive.
Active: He urged the Council to reduce the rates.
Passive: The Council was/were urged to reduce the rates or
He urged that the rates should be reduced.
4. Agree / be anxious / arrange / be determined / determine / decide / demand + infinitive + object are usually
expressed in the passive by that … should, as above:
Active: He decided to sell the house.
Passive: He decided that the house should be sold.
GERUND COMBINATIONAS
1. Advise / insist / propose / recommend / suggest + gerund + object are usually expressed in the passive by that …
should, as above.
Active: He recommended using bullet-proof glass.
Passive: He recommended that bullet-proof glass should be used.
2. It / they need + gerund can also be expressed by it /they + need + passive infinitive. Both forms are passive in
meaning. Other gerund combinations are expressed in the passive by the passive gerund:
Active: I remember them taking me to the Zoo.
Passive: I remember being taken to the Zoo.
IT-PATTERN
People say → It is said
People think → It is thought
People believe → It is believed
1. People say (that) she
teaches English.
It is said (that) English is taught.
English is said to be taught.
People say (that) they sell drugs in this area.
It is said (that) drugs are sold in this area.
Drugs are said to be sold in this area.
People say (that) you don’t take bribe.
It is said (that) bribe is not taken (by you)
Bribe isn’t said to be taken (by you.)
People say (that) you don’t punish your kids.
Kids aren’t said to be punished.
People think he overcharges his patients.
His patients are thought to be overcharged.
People think you don’t respect the elder.
The elder aren’t thought to be respected.
People believe they don’t water the plants.
Plants aren’t believed to be watered.
People believe the government doesn’t solve the issues.
Issues aren’t believed to be solved.
2. People say (that) she has been terminated.
She is said to have been terminated.
People say (that) plane has been hijacked.
Plane is said to have been hijacked.
People believe (that) the curfew has been lifted.
Curfew is believed to have been lifted.
People believed (that) he has been killed cold-bloodedly.
He is believed to have been killed cold-bloodedly.
People think (that) the meeting has been delayed on purpose.
The meeting is thought to have been delayed on purpose.
People think (that) nobody has been sent abroad.
Nobody is thought to have been sent abroad.
People say (that) mistakes have been made.
Mistakes are said to have been made.
3. People said (that) she had been terminated.
She was said to have been terminated.
People said (that) plane had been hijacked.
Plane was said to have been hijacked.
People believed (that) the curfew had been lifted.
Curfew was believed to have been lifted.
People believed (that) he had been killed cold-bloodedly.
He was believed to have been killed cold-bloodedly.
People think (that) the meeting had been delayed on purpose.
The meeting was thought to have been delayed on purpose.
People think (that) nobody had been sent abroad.
Nobody was thought to have been sent abroad.
People said (that) mistakes had been made.
Mistakes were said to have been made.
It is said (that) English is taught.
English is said to be taught.
People say (that) they sell drugs in this area.
It is said (that) drugs are sold in this area.
Drugs are said to be sold in this area.
People say (that) you don’t take bribe.
It is said (that) bribe is not taken (by you)
Bribe isn’t said to be taken (by you.)
People say (that) you don’t punish your kids.
Kids aren’t said to be punished.
People think he overcharges his patients.
His patients are thought to be overcharged.
People think you don’t respect the elder.
The elder aren’t thought to be respected.
People believe they don’t water the plants.
Plants aren’t believed to be watered.
People believe the government doesn’t solve the issues.
Issues aren’t believed to be solved.
2. People say (that) she has been terminated.
She is said to have been terminated.
People say (that) plane has been hijacked.
Plane is said to have been hijacked.
People believe (that) the curfew has been lifted.
Curfew is believed to have been lifted.
People believed (that) he has been killed cold-bloodedly.
He is believed to have been killed cold-bloodedly.
People think (that) the meeting has been delayed on purpose.
The meeting is thought to have been delayed on purpose.
People think (that) nobody has been sent abroad.
Nobody is thought to have been sent abroad.
People say (that) mistakes have been made.
Mistakes are said to have been made.
3. People said (that) she had been terminated.
She was said to have been terminated.
People said (that) plane had been hijacked.
Plane was said to have been hijacked.
People believed (that) the curfew had been lifted.
Curfew was believed to have been lifted.
People believed (that) he had been killed cold-bloodedly.
He was believed to have been killed cold-bloodedly.
People think (that) the meeting had been delayed on purpose.
The meeting was thought to have been delayed on purpose.
People think (that) nobody had been sent abroad.
Nobody was thought to have been sent abroad.
People said (that) mistakes had been made.
Mistakes were said to have been made.
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